Commercial Pilot License (CPL) Practice Exam 2026 - Free Commercial Pilot License Practice Questions and Study Guide

A magnetic compass functions by leveraging the Earth’s magnetic field. The magnetic compass is equipped with magnetized needles that rotate freely and align themselves with the Earth's magnetic lines of force. As these needles respond to the magnetic field, they indicate the cardinal directions—north, south, east, and west—allowing pilots to determine their heading in relation to magnetic north.

This design is simple yet effective, enabling navigators to find their orientation based on magnetic principles. The needle's ability to pivot around a pivot point allows it to settle into a stable position that reflects the magnetic field, providing reliable directional information, which is crucial for navigation.

In contrast, other options involve different technologies or principles that do not apply to a traditional magnetic compass. For instance, rotating gyroscopes are associated with gyro instruments, electronic sensors relate to modern GPS systems, and stabilized ring and pendulum systems pertain to advanced navigational tools rather than to basic magnetic compasses. Thus, the operation of a magnetic compass exclusively relates to the interaction of its magnetized needles with the Earth’s magnetic field.